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Fujikane (2003) indicates that there are three goals of globalization as educational imperatives. They are: (1) the intensity of interdependence in all aspects of human life, (2) the changing pattern of actors on the world stage, and (3) the growing moral sense of “oneness” transcending national borders. The new worldviews behind the contemporary movements are fundamentally different from the rationalists’ perspective, which supported early educational efforts for international education (Fujikane, 2003). That perspective intended to develop national citizens who could understand, sympathize, and help others in order to create international harmony. In contrast, the revised imperatives are now embracing the idea of new world citizens who acknowledge interdependency, act independently of their own nation states, and are constructing universal morality in order to create a more just global society (Shin, 2003).

The purpose of study is to investigate effectiveness of pattern technique in relation to the use of anthropometric references for drafting women's basic bodice patterns by assessing characteristics of pattern formation, quantification of wearing ease on the transverse plan and actual ease distribution on body forms.

Three pattern drafting techniques were analyzed, which have different frequency of using direct body measurements for pattern formulation. Ease quantification and wearing ease distribution were evaluated on the two different body forms: a young female body and a heavy woman body. Women's basic bodice patterns were drafted with YUKA CAD and virtually draped on the two body forms with CLO 3D. Rapidform was used to evaluate garment appearance. Areal ease and its distribution were assessed. A deviation map was used for wrinkle analysis.

Compared to the pattern formation derived from few anthropometric references, patterns using sufficient anthropometric references provided overall better fit for the different body forms. Ease distribution without considering body arcs was found to be a cause of garment fit problems. Patterns with little or no ease caused transverse fine wrinkles and skewed side seams. Pattern techniques those used linear equations caused problems on the bust because the formulation could not reflect bust protrusions in relation to the body torso shape differences.

This study revealed characteristics of pattern formulae and linear equations in relation to anthropometric references and body shapes. The findings may be effective in developing algorithm of the customized pattern formation in the industry.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the chest girth and height related to men’s upper body dimensions to develop men’s grading system for semi-customized clothing.

A data set of the 3,012 men between the age group of 18 and 59 years from 6th Size Korea was used in this study. The men’s upper body dimensions were tested in terms of five horizontal lengths, seven circumferences and seven vertical lengths. Experiment and data analysis were carried out with two methods: one is multiple linear regression with chest girth and height as each independent variable and the other is calculating variation among chest girth size groups and height size groups, respectively.

Regression analysis showed that some horizontal lengths are affected not only by chest girth, but also by height, and some vertical lengths are affected not only by height, but also by chest girth. In variation analysis it was found that the variation value for each part of the body is different and it was observed that with an increase in chest girth vertical length also increases. In variation analysis of height, it is found that some horizontal body dimensions and hip girth increase with an increase in height. In the comparison of upper body dimension variation among height groups with the size based on the chest girth, we found that a tall person who already has long vertical length is less affected by the increase in dimensions by increases in their horizontal girth than a short person.

The findings showed detailed numerical body shape changes according to chest girth and height, and it may be used as the basis for determining pattern grading values by chest girth or height.